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S.  DKPARTMEXT   OF   AGRICULTURE, 

BUR! 

"D.   E.  SALMON.   D 


THE    SY\ONY.Pm 


Taenia,  T.  crassicollis,  T.  marginata,  T.  serrata, 
T.  comurus,  T.  serialis,  and  Echinococcus. 


('II.   WAilDKI.!.  STILKS.  I'ir.  D., 

iltiitij  '/<iiil'ii!i.<1  of  I', nr,  n a  nf  A  uinml  ///</- 

Chief  of  Division  of  Zoology,  llmj'nii'x-  l.nl><imt,,ri<,  i     ^.  l'> '•'•:•  H,,,iti, 

flml  Miii-ii'i'-llfttsjiituf  .S'/  ...      •  . 
AND 

FAKI.K  C.   >TKVi:\S<>.\.  M.  A.. 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT    PHINTINti    OFFICE. 

L905, 


OKI.AM/AT10N    OF   Till.    HIKLAI     OF    ANIMAL    1NWS1HY. 


:>.  v.  M. 

A.  I>.  MI-I.VIN,  P.  V.  <. 
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chief. 

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KICHAKI.  W.  MICK. MAN,  I'll.  <•..  \.  M.  I'.,  cliief. 
::  TiniMi'Mix.  M 

Aniiinil  lIii.-<lHiinIiii<iii:  <ii:di;c,i:  M.  KHMMKI..  1'-.  S.  A. 
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SujxTiiit'-ii-leiit:    !•:.  ('.  Si  iu;di:i,|-:i;,  M.   I  >.  \'.;  expert  a-^istant,  W.  V..  CdiT«.N. 

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burvr,  Pa. 
Dr.  M  \.   Honnei 

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Dr.  A.    K.    Behnke,  room   i:;j.  K.-deral  Bnildinjr, 

Milwaukee 
Dr.  John  A.  Boll,  Wati-rtown.  N.  Y. 

;     Menu.  tt.  •  K  Kxi-liaii.ui- 

Building.  KuiiMi- City.  Kan-. 
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S.  Y. 

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Detroit.  Mich. 

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U.  S.  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE, 

BUREAU  OF  ANIMAL  INDUSTRY.— BULLETIN  No.  80. 

D.   E.  SALMON,   D.  V.   M.,   Chief  of  Bureau. 


THE    SYNONYMY 


OF 


Taenia,  T.  crassicollis,  T.  marginata,  T.  serrata, 
T.  coenurus,  T.  serialis,  and  Echinococcus. 


CH.  WARDELL  STILES,  PH.  D., 

Consulting  Zoologixt  of  Bureau  of  Animal  Industry, 

Chief  of  Dif'mon  of  Zoology,  Hygienic  Laboratory,  U.  S.  Public  He<dth 

and  Marine- Hospital  Service, 

AND 

EARLE  C.  STEVENSON,  M.  A., 
Assistant,  Division  of  Zoology,  Bureau  of  Animal  Industry. 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT    PRINTING    OFFICE. 
1005. 


,ETTKR  OF  TRANSMITTAL 


U.  S.  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE, 

BUREAU  OF  ANIMAL  INDUSTRY, 

Washington,  D.  O.,  September  5,  1905. 

SIR:  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  herewith  a  manuscript  entitled 
"The  Synonymy  of  Taenia,  T.  crassicollis,  T.  marginata,  T.  serrata,  T. 
ccenurus,  T.  serialis,  and  Echinococcm"  prepared  by  Ch.  Wardell 
Stiles,  Ph.  D.,  consulting  zoologist  of  this  Bureau,  and  chief  of  Divi- 
sion of  Zoology,  Hygienic  Laboratory,  United  States  Public  Health 
and  Marine-Hospital  Service,  and  Earle  C.  Stevenson,  M.  A.,  assistant 
in  the  Division  of  Zoology  of  this  Bureau;  and  to  recommend  its 
publication  as  Bulletin  No.  80  of  the  Bureau  series. 

Very  respectfully,  D.  E.  SALMON, 

Chief  of  Bureau. 
Hon.  JAMES  WILSON,  Secretary. 

3 


CONTENTS. 

Page. 

<ienus  Tivnia 7 

Subgenus  Tien! a 7 

Species  Tieniti  hydaiiyena 8 

Titiiiii  teniu'formis 10 

Txnia  pisiformix 11 

Subgenus  Tirniarht/ncmt 12 

Genus  Multicepx 12 

Species  Multicepx  socialis 12 

MiilticeiM  serial!* 13 

<  Jenus  EC  ft  hiococcux . .  13 


THE  SYNONYMY  OFT^NIA,  T.  CflASSICOLLIS,  T.  MARGIN  ATA,  T. 
SERRATA,  T.  (XENURUS,  T.  SER1ALIS,  AND  ECHINOCOCCUS. 


'It  has  recenth'  been  necessary  to  examine  into  the  synonymy  of 
several  mejnbers  of  the  genus  Tsenia  in  order  to  establish  the  correct 
specific  names  for  certain  species,  and  the  results  of  this  stud}'  are  pub- 
lished in  the  present  paper. 

According  to  the  present  international  code,  the  names  of  larval  or 
cystic  stages  are  coordinate  with  the  names  of  adult  stages,  in  the 
application  of  the  law  of  priority.  This  rule  necessitates  certain 
changes  in  the  names  of  several  of  the  species  which  are  mentioned  in 
this  paper. 

Several  of  the  older  names,  for  instance  some  of  those  introduced  by 
Gmelin,  1790a,  are  almost  nomina  nuda,  being  based  only  upon  refer- 
ences of  earlier  authors  to  parasites  in  certain  organs  of  given  hosts. 
While  it  is  scarcely  possible  at  present  to  pass  definite  judgment  upon 
certain  of  these  cases,  they  have  been  cited  in  synonymy  by  various 
authors,  and  we  have  accepted  these  interpretations  on  the  ground 
that  we  can  not  prove  them  to  be  incorrect. 

The  bibliographic  references  are  from  Stiles  &  Hassall,  Index-Cata- 
logue of  Medical  and  Veterinary  Zoology,  Bulletin  30,  United  States 
Bureau  of  Animal  Industry. 

GENUS  T-ffiNIA  LINN.EUS,  1758. 

Type,  Tuenin  soliutn.  For  synonymy,  see  subpenera  Tirniu  (below)  and  Tnmiarhyn- 
chus  (p.  12). 

SrwGExrs  TJENIA  LIXXJEUS,  1758. 

1758.  Txnia  LINN.EUS,  1758a,  819-820;  type  by  elimination  T.  folium;  also  desig- 
nated type  by  several  authors. 

1777.  Tenia  SCOPOLI,  1777,  383;  for  Taiiia,  hence  same  type  (not  accessible,  refer- 
ence taken  from  Sherborn,  1902,  962). 

1782.  Hydaligena  GOEZE,  1782a,  42,  192;  type  by  absolute  tautonymy,  Tivnia  hydati- 
gena  Pallas,  1766,  413,  confined  by  elimination  and  inclusion  to  Hydra 
hydatuln  Linnaeus,  1766,  equals  Cysticercus  tenuicottis. 

1782.  Megocephalos  GOEZE  1 782a,  42;  only  hence  type  species  Tivnia  vesicularisfatciotata, 
equals  Cysticercux  fasciolaris. 

1782.  tPseudoechinorhyncus  GOEZE,  1782a,  41,  138-139;  ?type  Ps.  .sp.  Goeze,  1782a, 
138-139,  equals  ?  Cysticercus  fcuciolarit. 

1786.  Finna  WERNER,  1786,  10;  not  used  in  Linna?an  sense;  refers  to  Cytficernts 
celluloses. 


BUREAU    OF    ANIMAL    INDUSTRY. 

1787.  Venicaria  Ml'u.EH,  1787,  49-5:5;   includes  Hydatigemi,  Megocephalof,  Multiceps, 

1782,  and  other  forms;  type  by  inclusion  Cyaticercus  tfnuicoltit. 

1785.  I'esicaria  SCHKANK,  1788a,  29-32;  includes  Hi/datigeiut,  Megocepfmlos,  and  Mttl- 

ticefis,  1782,  renanu-d;  type  by  inclusion  and  page  precedence  1*.  orbicular!*, 

equals  OyttieerdU  tatuicottu;   also  tyj>e   l»y  virtual   tautonyiny  Hydatiyena 

rexicularix,  equals  Cytticercut  tennicolKs. 

1790.   lli/ddinla  ABiUMiAARi),  1790a,  33;  type  by  absolute  tautonyiny  Hydra  hydatula, 
1790.  /  Hn-rnca  UMRI.IN,  f790a,  31)50;   only  hence  type  species  II.  tnurix  Gmelin  = 

f  Cytticernt*  faxriolarin. 
1797.  Ht/datix  BU'MEXBAOH,  1797,  415;   not  accessible,  apparently,  only  hence  type 

species  II.  Jinmt;  see  Sherborn,  1902,  369,  and  Virey,  1798. 
1800.   Alyselininlhn*  ZEDEK,  1800a,  221-302;   Ttenin  renamed,  hence  same  type. 
1800.  Cyxticcrciix  ZEDEK,  1800a,  30.'J-307;  Jlydutigena  renamed,  hence  same  type. 
1803.   Ihili/xl*  /KDEK,  1803a,  298-377;  T;rnla  and  Alyselminthut  renamed,  hence  same 

ty|>e. 
1805.   Cistirtrctus  KI-DOLPIII,  1805,  40;  for  Ciisticercns,  hence  name  type. 

1809.  Fitnid  BitERA,  180?)a,  153;  tyjM?  munciilaris,  equals  Cyst  ice  rows  cellulosie. 

181W.   I'hyxchiowinn  BKEKA,  1809a,  130-149;  type  by  inclusion  P.  globoxnm  (Batsch, 
178(5),  equals  Cyitictrcu»  cettulo9«. 

1810.  Gtcziaiui  RriK>u»in,  1810a,  277;  refers  to  Cysticercut cettulots;  doubtful  whether 

it  is  used  in  generic  sense. 
1816.   Ilytlaiigera  LAMARCK,  1816,  153-154;  type  by  inclusion  and  j>age  precedence, 

( 'ysticerciuf  faxciolaris. 

1825.   Finchioiunna  DELLE  CHIA.IE,  1825a,  24;  for  Plnj*ch'unstnna  Brera,  180i»a. 
1847.    Trachelocampylus  FREDATLT,  1847b,  June,  310-311;   only  hence  tyj>e  species 

Oytticercus  cellulosse. 

1850.  Arhynchottrnia  DIESIXI;,  1850a,  497-521;  type  by  inclusion,  Timid  solium. 
1855.  Jlaiixi*  (JoLDBERG,  1855a,  *8;  misprint  for  Halyxis. 
1855.  Hidalula  (ioLDHEK<;,  1855a,  79;  misprint  for  Hijdntula. 
1855.   Ci/stietrcux  (JOLDBEKO,  1855a,  88;  misprint  for  Cy*lic(rcus. 
1858.  Acunthotr'nus  WEINI.AXD,  1858,  51,  65,  85;  only  hence  type  species  and  type  by 

absolute  tautonyiny,  Ci/xlicercns  acanthotrias. 

1863.   CiiKtotscitiu  LEIX-KART,  1863,  223;  ty{>e  by  inclusion,  Tsenia  soliwn. 
1886.  Xtotenia  SODERO,  1886,  Oct.,  657;  type  by  inclusion  and  implication,  Cysticercus 

cellidosic. 

1894.  Xeodniia  BRAUN,  1894a,  1085;  for  Neolenia,  hence  same  type. 
(?)     (Jijsticerkw  and  Cystizerkus  of  various  German  authors;  for  Cysticercus,  hence 

same  type. 

SPECIES  TJENIA  HYDATIGENA  I'AIAAS,  1766. 

8TROBILA    STAGE. 

1758.   Titniti  nolium  LINN^US,  1758a,  819-820,  pro  parte;  Dubois,  1764,  66-69,  pi.  1, 

fig.  la. 
1782.   T.  cateniformix  GOE/E,  1782a,  in  part,  307-310,  pi.  22a,  figs.  1-5,  from  wolf. 

[T.  nitrniforml*  drops  as  synonym  of  T.  canhm  LinnaMis,  1758.] 
1782..'T.  xerrata  (ioEZE,   1782a,    in  i>art,  349-350,  pi.    251),  tigs,  a-d;  see,  however, 

Kudolphi,  1810a,  170,  and  Diesing,  1850a,  517-518. 

1786.  7*.  mnrginaln  BATSCH,  1786a,  125-126,  pi.  2,  fig.  54;  based  on  Goeze,  1782a,  307, 

pi.  22a,  figs.  1-5. 

1788.  T.  lupitut  SCIIHANK,  1788,  33;  based  on  same  as  T.  marginnta. 

1790.   T.  cnlenifonni*  /(/;>»'  GMELIN,  1790a,  li(H)6-3067 ;  based  on  same  as  T.  marginata. 
1803.  I Ialy#i#  marginata  ( BATSCH,  1786a)  ZEDER,  1803a,  365-366. 


THE    SYNONYMY    OF    T^ENIA,   ETC. 

CYSTIC   STAGE. 

1691.  Lumbricus  hydropicus  TYSON,  1691,  506-509,  pi.,  figs.  1-4;  from  gazelle  or  ante- 
lope, from  Aleppo;  pre-Linruean,  hence  not  entitled  to  priority,  but  used  as 
basis  of  several  post-Linmean  names. 

1705.  Vermes  vesiculares  HARTMANN,  1705b,  152-157,  from  goat;  pre-Linnaean,  hence 
not  entitled  to  priority,  but  used  in  generic  sense  by  Bloch,  1780aand  1782a. 

1760.  Tienia  hydatoidea  PALLAS,  1760,  50,  not  accessible;  reprint,  1768,  286-288; 
Lumbricus  hydropicus  1691  renamed;  accidentally  binomial  in  a  clearly  poly- 
nomial article,  hence  not  entitled  to  priority,  in  our  opinion. 

1766.  Tienia  hydatigena  PALLAS,  1766,  413,  not  accessible;  1766,  157-174,  pi.  12,  figs. 

1-10,  includes  Lumbricus  hydropicus. 

1767.  Hydra  hydatula  LIXN.ECS,  1767,  1320;  Lumbricus  hydropicus  renamed. 

1780.    Vermis  vesicularis  eremita   BLOCH,  1780a,  337;  1782a,  24-25;  Hydra  hydatula 

renamed;  Vermis  vesicularis  used  as  a  generic  name,  eremita  as  a  specific  name. 
1782.  Hijdutigena  orbicularis  GOEZE,  1782a,   194-210,  pi.  17a,  figs.  1-6,  pi.  17b,  figs. 

I-II,  6-9;  includes  Hydra  hydatula,  1767. 

1786.  //.  globosa  BATSCH,  1786a,  89-94,  figs.  38-41;  includes  Hydra  hydatula,  1767. 
1786.  //.  oblonga  BATSCH,  1786a,  98-99;  based  on  Goeze,  1782a,  pi.  17b,  figs.  I-II. 
1788.    Vesicaria  orbicularis  (GOEZE,  1782a)  Schrank,  1788,  29. 
1790.   Tsenia  simise  GMELIN,  1790a,  3059;  based  on  Bloch,  1782a,  24. 
1790.   T.  ferarum  GMELIN,  1790a,  3061;  includes  Goeze,  1782a,  205-206,  pi.  17b,  figs. 

I-II. 

1790.   T.  caprina  GMELIN,  1790a,  3061;  includes  Vermes  vesiculares  Hartmann,  1705. 
1790.   T.  ovilla  GMELIN,  1790a,  3061-3062;  based  on  Goeze,  1782a,  257,  pi.  17,  figs. 

10-11. 

1790.   T.  vervedna  GMELIN,  1790a,  3062;  based  on  Goeze,  1782a,  208,  pi.  17a,  figs.  3-5. 
1790.   T.  bovina  GMELIN,  1790a,  3063;  based  on  Goeze,  1782a,  205. 
1790.   T.  apri  GMELIN,  1790a,  3063;  in  apri  hepate. 
1790.   T.  globosa  (BATSCH,  1786a)  Gmelin,  1790a,  3063. 
1790.  ? Hydatula  lienis  GMELIN,  1790a,  3063,  in  synonymy;  from  hog. 
1790.  ?H.  pulmonis  GMELIN,  1790a,  3063,  in  synonymy;  from  hog. 
1790.  II.  hepatis  GMELIN,  1790a,  3063,  as  syn.  of  T.  globosa. 
1790.  H.  cervorum  GMELIN,  1790a,  3063,  as  syn.  of  T.  ferarum. 
1790.  //.  peritomvi  GMELIN,  1790a,  3063,  as  syn.  of  T.  globosa. 
1795.  //.  solitaria  VIBOKG,  1790,  241;  not  accessible;  see  Diesing,  1850a,  488. 
1803.   Cysticercus  clavatus  ZEDER,  1803a,  409—410;  Hydatigena  orbicularis  Goeze,  1782a, 

205,  209,  pi.  17b,  figs.  I-II,  renamed. 
1803.  C.  globosus  (BATSCH,  1786a)  ZEDER,  1803a,  411-413. 
1803.  C.  simiie  (GMELIN,  1790a)  ZEDER,  1803a,  419. 

1803.  C.  caprinus  (GMELIN,  1790a)  ZEDER,  1803a,  420. 

1804.  C.  lineatus  L^NNEC,  1804,  133;  1812,  23-46,  159-160,  pi.  1,  figs.  1-9,  pi.  2,  figs. 

1-5,  6;  Hydra  hydatula  1767  renamed. 

1809.  Physchiosoma  globomm    (BATSCH,  1786a)  BRERA,  1809a,  130-137;  1810a,  pi.  3, 

fig.  5. 

1810.  Cysticercus  tenuicollis  RI-DOLPHI,  1810a,  220-224;  Hydra  hydatula  1767  renamed. 
1810.   C.  visceralis  siinix  RUDOLPHI,  1810a,  234;    Tx-nia  siinise  Gmelin,  1890a,  renamed. 
1812.   Tienia  visceralis,  vesicular!*,  orbicularis  GOEZE,  1782a,  of  La?nnec,  1812,  160,  as 

syn.  of  Cysticercus  lineatus. 

1812.   T.  hydatigena  ovium  PALLAS  of  Lrennec,  1812,  160,  as  syn.  of  Cysticerctis  lineatus. 
1812.   T.  hydatigena  suum  PALLAS  of  Lsennec,  1812,  160,  as  syn.  of  Cysticercus  linsatus. 
1816.  Hydatis  globosa  (BATSCH,  1786a)  LAMARCK,  1816,  152;  in  swine. 
1825.  FiscMosoma  globosum  BRERA  of  delle  Chiaje,  1825a,  24-25. 
1850.   Tsenia  ferrarum  GMELIN,  1790a,  of  Diesing,  1850a.  488;  for  T.  ferarum. 


10  BUREAU  OF  ANIMAL  INDUSTRY. 

1854.  Cyslicerru*  hominis  diibhis  DIESING,  1854b,  601. 

1861.  C  ex  potamocharo  pfnicillato  COBBOLD,  1861d,  94,  96,  pi.  17,  figs.  3-6. 

1861.  C.  potamochari  penicillati  COBBOLD,  1861e,  121. 

1861.  C.  potamochrri  COBBOLD,  1861e,  125. 

1864.  C.  tenuici>tti»  homini*  KSCHRICHT  of  Diesing,  1864a,  391. 

1869.  C.  ovu  COBBOLD,  1869a,  30,  tig.  2. 

1873.  C.  oriparient  MADDOX,   1873,  250,  pi.  17,  figs.   1-17,  pi.  19,  1  fig.;  in  leg  of 

mutton. 

1878.  C.  phacoclurri  ifthiopici  COBBOLD  of  Linstow,  1878,  5. 

1885.  Cuticercus  on*  ( COBBOLD,  1869)  Guzzardi  Asmundo,  1885a,  579. 

SPECIE*  TJENIA  TENUEFOBMIQ  (  BLOCH,  1780)  STILES  &  STEVENSON,  1905. 
[Type  of  Megocephalos,  1782;  f  Hxruca,  1790;  and  Hiidatigera,  1816.] 

8TBOBILA   STAGE. 

1782.   Tsenia  collo  brerissimo  BLOCH,  1782a,  19-20,  pi.  6,  figs.  1-5,  in.  cats;  not  binomial, 

hence  not  entitled  to  priority. 
1782.   T.  serrata  GOEZE,  1782a,  43,  337-339,  pi.  24,  figs.  1-6,  pi.  25,  figs.  1-5,  from  cat; 

Batsch,  1786a,  138-141,  figs.  19,  32,  61,  63,  67;  not  Rosa,  1794.     Goeze's 

name  is  clearly  based  upon  the  tapeworm  (now  generally  known  as  Txnia 

cranfticollis)  from  cats,  and  not  (as  generally  supposed)  upon  the  tapeworm 

from  dogs. 

1782.  ?  T.  globulata  GOEZE,  1782a,  43,  350-352,  pi.  26,  figs.  1-4,  from  cat*. 
1786.  /  T.  motriliformi*  BATSCH,  1786a,  135-137,  fig.  59;  T.  globulata  Goeze,  renamed; 

not  T.  moniliformis  Pallas,  1781  (not  accessible). 
1790.   T.  serrata  felif  GMELIN,  1790a,  3068,  includes  T.  collo  brevwsimo  Bloch,  1782,  and 

T.  serrata  Goeze,  1782a,  pi.  24,  figs.  1-6,  pi.  25,  figs.  1-5;  Rudolphi,  1793a, 

37-38. 

1794.   T.fffa  GMELIN  of  Carlisle,  1794a,  258,  pi.  25,  fig.  11. 
1800.  Alyselminthns  terrains  (  GOEZE,  1782a)  ZEDEK,  1800a,  290,  286-293. 
1803.  Halt/sis  serrata  (  GOEZE,  1782a)  ZEDER,  1803a,  :i6;j-364. 
1810.   Tirnia  crasxicoliis  RI-DOLPHI,  1810a,  173-174;  T.  gerrata  Goeze,  1782a,  from  cat, 

renamed. 

1810.   T.  tserrata  a,  cati  domest.b,  »t/lrestr.  SCHRANK  of  Rudolphi,  1810a,  1 74,  as  synonym. 
1810.  Ifalyid  serrata  (GOEZE,  1782a)  Rrnou»ni,  1810a,  174;  misprint. 

1855.  Hali#ig  xerrata  (ZEDER)  of  Goldl)erg,  1855a,  78;  misprint  in  synonymy. 
1861.   Tienia  crassicoli*  KUCBERLE,  1861,  332;  for  T.  rrassicollis. 

CYSTIC  STAGE. 

1695.  Vermis  resicularis  murix  HARTMANN,  1695b,  304-305;  Pre-Linna>an,  hence  not 
entitled  to  priority,  but  Vermi*  remcubtris  is  later  used  by  Bloch,  ITHOa  and 
1782a,  as  generic  name. 

1762.  Fasciola  muri*  hepaticir  RCEDEBER,  1762,  537-539;  not  accsssible;  polynomial, 
hence  not  entitled  to  priority. 

1766.  Tsenia  hydatigena  PALLAS,  1766,  157-174,  pro  parte,  pi.  12,  figs.  10-13,  in  rats. 

1766.   T.  hydatigenfi  murini  hepatis  PALLAS,  1766,  168;  polynomial. 

1780.  Vermin  resicularis  tcniteformi*  BLOCK,  1780a,  337;  1782a  [Inhalt,  p.  2],  23;  Vermis 

vesicular!*  distinctly  used  as  a  generic  name,  tertiieformis  as  a  specific  name. 

1781.  Fasciola  sp.  MERKEM,  1781,  169-172,  pi.  1,  figs.  3-7;  "Sack-Egel." 

1782.  Ftuciota  tacctila  MERREM,  1781,  of  Goeze,  1782a,  221,  in  synonymy. 
1782.  Megofifphalo*  (  JOEZE,  1782a,  42;  type  Txnia  resiciilari*  fasciolata. 

1782.  Tsenia  (Hydatigena)  vesicularu  fatciolata  GOEZE,  1782a,  220-247,  pi.  18b,  figs. 
10-14,  pi.  19,  figs.  1-14,  type  of  Megocephalos  1782. 


THE    SYNONYMY    OF    T^ENIA,   ETC.  11 

1782.  /  Pseudoechinorhynchm  sp.  GOSZE,  1782a,  138-139,  pi.  9h,  fig.  12. 

1782.   Tienia  hydatigena  WERNER,  1782,  13-17;  for  Vermin  reniculari*  ttniseformls  1780. 

1782.   T.  vesicularifi  txniie  for  mix  BLOCH  of  Werner,  1782,  13. 

1786.    Vermis  vesicular  is  tseniieformis  BLOCH  of  Batsch,  1786a,  100,  in  synonymy. 

1786.  Hydatigena  tienixformis  BATSCH,  1786a,  100-106,  figs.  12-16, 18,  20, 29-30,  46-47,49. 

1788.  ?  Echinorhynchu*  muris  SCHRANK,  1788,  21;  based  on  Pfteudoechinorhynchu*  ep. 
1782. 

1788.    Vesicaria  tteniseformi*  (BATSCH,  1786a)  SCHRANK,  1788,  30. 

1790.  f  Hseruca  muris  (SCHRANK,  1788)  Ginelin,  1790a,  3050. 

1790.  2-venia  rnurinu  GMELIJI,  1790a,  3060,  not  Dujanlin,  1845a;  Hydatigena  txniseformis 
BATSCH,  1786a,  renamed. 

1790.   T.  hyddtige.ru i  GMELIN,  1790a,  3060;  based  on  Batsch,  1786a,  100,  fig.  46. 

1790.   T.  vespertilionis  GMELIN,  1790a,  3060;  based  on  Bloch,  1780a,  337. 

1793.    Vesicaria  muris  SCHRANK,  1793,  135,  not  accessible;  see  Dieting,  1850a,  492. 

1795.  Hydatnla  marroceptuila  hepatis  musculi  VIBORG,  1795,  241;  not  accessible;  poly- 
nomial; see  Diesing,  1850a,  492. 

1801.  f  Echinorhynchw  lucruca  LAMARCK,   1801,    336;    for  Pseudoechinorhynrhus  sp. 

GOEZE,  1782. 

1802.  ?  E.  hterucx  Bosc,  1802,  4;  for  E.  hferuca  LAMARCK. 

1803.  Cysticercus  tieniaefonnis  (BATSCH,  1786a)  ZEDER,  1803a,  405-406,  pi.  4,  fig.  6. 
1808.  C.  fasciolaris  RUDOLPHI,  1808a,  118-119;  1810a,  215-218. 

1812.  Hydatis  mur'ma  Bosc  of  Laennec,  1812,  157,  in  synonymy. 

1812.  II.  hydatigena  Bosc  of  Laennec,  1812,  157,  in  synonymy. 

1812.'7tem'rt  visceralis  resicularis  ticniseformis  GOEZE,  1782,  of  Laennec,   1812.   157,  in 

synonymy. 

1816.   T.  vexicularis  fasctolata  GOEZE,  1782a,  of  Lamarck,  1816,  154,  in  synonymy. 
1816.  Hydatigera  fasdolaris  (RUDOLPHI,  1808a)  LAMARCK,  1816,  154. 
1850.  Hydatigena  fasciolaris  (RUDOLPHI,  1810a)  DIESINC,  1850a,  492,  in  synonymy. 
1850.  Hydatigena  hepalis  murini  GOEZE,  1782,  of  Diesing,  1850a,  489,  in  synonymy. 
1861.   Cysticercus  crassicolis  (fasciolaris)  KOZBERLE,  1861a,  332. 

SPECIES  TJENIA  PISIFORMIS  (BLOCH,  1780)  GMELIN,  1790. 

STROBILA    STAGE. 

1782.  f  Taenia  canina  solium  WERNER,  1782,  56,  figs.  70-76;  see  Rudolphi,  1810a,  169r 

and  Diesing,  1850a,  517. 
1786.  f  T.  cucurbitina  y  [cort/s]  BATSCH,  1786a,  123-125;  for  T.  canina  solium  Werner, 

1782. 

1790.  f  T.  cucurbitina  GMELIN,  1790a,  3067;  for  T.  canina  solium  Werner,  1782. 
1793.  f  T.  serrata  canis  domestici  et  i-ulpis  RUDOLPHI,  1793a,  37;  see  Rudolphi,  1810a,  170. 

(?)     "T.  serrata  GOE/E"  of  most  recent  authors  since  Kiichenmeister. 
1861.  "Tenia  serrata  GOEZE"  of  van  Beneden,  1861a,  148-157.  pi.  20. 

CYSTIC  STAGE. 

1780.  Vermis  resicularix  pisiformix  BLOCH,  1780a,  338;  1782a,  25;  Vermis  vesicularis,  use<l 

as  generic  name,  pisiformix  as  a  specific  name. 
1782.  Hydatigena  pisiformis  (BLOCH,  1780a)  GOEZE,  1782a,  210-219,  pi.  18a,  figs.  l-3r 

pi.  18b,  figs.  4-7,  in  rabbits. 

1782.  H.  utriculenta  GOEZE,  1782a,  219-220,  pi.  18b,  figs.  8-9,  in  rabbits. 
1786.  //.  cordata  BATSCH,  1786a,  94-%,  figs.  42-43;  based  on  Goeze,  1782a,  pi.  18b, 

figs.  6-7,  and  p.  236,  pi.  18b,  figs.  15-17. 

1786.  //.  utricularis  BATSCH,  1786a,  99-HX);  IF.  utriculenta  Goeze,  1782a,  renauie<l. 
1788.   Vesicaria  pisiformis  (BLOCH,  1780a)  SCHRANK,  1788,  30. 
1788.   V.  utriculenta  ( GOEZE,  1782a)  SCHRANK,  1788.  30. 


12  BUREAU  OF  ANIMAL  INDUSTRY 

1790.   Tirnia  piriformis  (  BLOCH,  1780a)  GMELIX,  1790a,  3061. 
1790.   T.  utricitlari*  (BATscn,  1786a)  GMELIX,  1790a,  3001. 
1790.   T.  ntrdala  (B.vrscti,  1786a)  GMELIX,  1790a,  3061. 

17JH).  /  T.  jiiitiirii  GMELIX,  1790a,  3060,  based  on  Goeze,  1782a,  200,  from  the  iltis;  corn- 
pan'  Cynlicrrcug  cordatus  Tschudi,  1837. 

1802.  Ifydatnltt  pifiiformi*  (BLocii,  1782a)  FKOKLICH,  1802a,  75-77. 

1803.  (.'iistuvrcu*  pixiformis  (  BLOCII,  1780a)  ZEDER,  1803a,  410-411. 

1803.  fC.  putorii  (GMEUX,  1790a)  ZEDEK,  1803a,  420. 

1804.  C.  utricuientus  (  GOEZE,  1782a)  L.EXXEC,  1804,  136;  1812,  162-163. 
1812.  C.  Hneatux  pisiform  ig  (  BLOCH,  1780a)  L.KXXEC,  1812,  160-161. 
1816.  Ifiidalis  pisifvrmis  (BLOCH,  178()a)  LAMAKCK,  1816,  152-153. 

1830.  .' MoHostiima  leporig  Kmx,  1830?,  464,  pi.  II,  figs.  6-7;  not  accessible. 

18.37.  fCystieercu»cordatu»TKavD\,  1837,  59,  pi.  2,  fijp».  13-16. 

1842.   C.  flimgatu*  F.  8.  LEI'CKART,  1842,  1-3,  pi.  1,  figs,  la-c,  from  Le\iu*  ntnicttlu*; 

not  Biiiinberp,  1882a,  from  cats  and  dogs. 
1850.  Mono*t»mum  kpn-i*  (Kfnx,  1830?)  DIESING,  1850a,  330. 
1850.  Hyddtigemi  liejxitis  uiunni  DIESIXC;,  1850a,  489,  in  synonymy;  based  on  Goeze, 

17HL'a,  23(5,  pi.  18b,  figs.  15-17. 

1861.  C'yitk'trnui  terrain*  (pisiformis)  KIEBERLE,  1861a,  328,  329,  332,  333. 
1861.   "C".  pyitiforini*  DIESIXO"  of  Beneden,  1861a,  148. 

ScBOEXfs  T-ffiNIABHYNCHUS  WEIXLAXD,  1858. 

1823.  Pentaztoma  VIREY,  1823,  219-220  (not  Rudolphi,  1819);  only  hence  type  species 

/'.  coarrtata  etjuals  Tiruia  saginata. 
1858.   Tfrniarhifnclms  WEIXLAXD,  1858,  46-51;  only  hence  type  species  Tirnia  medio- 

ranellata  e<juals  Kagiiiata.  . 

The  status  of  Txniarhynchus  is  still  sub  judicc,  but  from  the  fact 
that  new  species  of  Twit  in  without  hooks  are  bejng  described  the  indi- 
cations seem  to  be  in  favor  of  recognizing  this  group  as  a  subgenus. 
At  present  this  subgenus  is  possibly  rather  artificial,  but  somewhat 
convenient. 

G  EXITS  MTTLTICEPS  GOEZE,  1782. 

1782.  Mullicep*  GOEZE,  1782a,  42,  192,  250.     Only  hence  type  sj>ecies  Tsrnia  rexiruktri* 

ecjuals  socialist  1780;  in  brain  of  sheep. 
1800.  Polycephalux  ZEDER,  18(X)a,  308-316;    Mullicepx,  renamed;   hence  type  social!* 

1780a. 
1808.  GocnurtU RCDOLPHI,  1808a,  120-122;  Mnlticeps and  Polycephalug,  renamed;  hence 

type  Kocialis  1780a. 

1825.   Cfciinrux  CUVIER,  1825a,  90;  for  Ornurus. 
1H44.   Cannrns  G<X)DSIH,  1844g,  570;  misprint  for  Cn-nurus. 

Opinion  may  differ  as  to  whether  this  group  should  be  given  generic 
or  subgeneric  rank.  Personally  we  see  no  serious  argument  against 
recognizing  a  distinct  genus  on  basis  of  the  "  larval"  stage. 

SPECIES  MTTLTICEPS  SOCIALIS  (  BLOCH,  1780a)  STILES  &  STEVEXSOX,  19a=». 

8TROBILA    8TAOE. 

1853.   Tamia  cftnurus  KCCHEXMEISTER,  1853,  449. 

1861.   T,  ctrnura  of  KOCBERLE,  1861a,  183. 

1861.   T.  c<rtiara  of  KCEBEKLE,  18()la,  332;  misprint. 


THE    SYNONYMY    OF    T^NTA,   ETC.  13 

1861.   Tenia  ccenurus  (KUCHEXMEISTEK,  1853)  VAN  BENEDEX,  1861a,  146-148. 

1861.   T.  canurus  VAN  BEXEDEN,  1861a,  144;  misprint. 

1863.   T.  [(Cystottenia)]  ccenuru*  KI'CHEXMEISTER,  of  Leuckart,  1863,  224. 

CYSTIC   STAGE. 

1780.  Tennis  vesicularis  socialis  BLOCH,  1780a,  337;  1782a,  25-26;  Vermis  vesicular!* 
used  as  generic  name,  soaialis  used  as  specific  name.  Bee  also  Gwze,  1782a, 
294,  as  syn.  of  Ticnia  veincularig;  Batsch,  1786a,  84,  as  syn.  of  Hydtttiyena 
socialist;  Schrank,  1788,  31,  as  syn.  of  Vesirana  social!*;  Gmelin,  1790a,  3062, 
as  syn.  of  Tienia  cerebral!*;  Zeder,  ISOOa,  305,  308,  as  syn.  of  Polycephalus; 
Zeder,  1803a,  430-431,  as  syn.  of  Polycepludus  ovintix;  Rudolphi,  1810a,  243, 
as  syn.  of  Oenurus  cerebralis. 

1782.   Tienia  resicularis  GOSZE,  1782a,  248;  for  Vermin  resicularis  socialitt  Bloch. 

1782.   T.  resicularis  cerebrina  GOC/E,  1782a,  42,  192;  for  IVrwn'x  resicularis  social  is  Bloch. 

1782.   ^fult!cep8  GtKZE,  1782a.  42,  192,  250;  type  Ticnin  rexicularin  cerebrinn. 

1786.  IFydatigena  cerebralls  BATSCII,  1786a,  84-87,  figs.  34-36;  Verrnis  vesicular!*  xocialis 
Bloch,  1780a;  renamed. 

1788.  Vesicana  social  is  (BLOCH,  1780a)  SCHRANK,  1788,  31-32. 

1790.   Tienia  cerebralis  (BATSCH,  1786a)  GMELIN,  1790a,  3062. 

1800.   T.  visceralis  multiceps  G<EZE,  1782  of  Zeder,  1800a,  305. 

1800.  Polycephalus  ZEDER,  1800a,  308-316;  Mulliceps  Goe/e,  1782a,  renamed. 

1802.  Ttenia  multiceps  (ZEDER,  1800a)  RUDOLIMII,  1802,  207. 

1803.  Polycephalus  ovinus  ZEDER,  1803a,  430-431. 
1803.  P.  bovinus  ZEDER,  1803a,  431. 

1808.   Cfjenurus  cerebralis  (BATSCH,  1786a)  RUDOLPHI,  1808a,  120-122. 

1812.  Polycephalus  cerebralis  (BATSCH,  1786a)  L.EXXEC-,  1812,  168-169. 

1816.  Hydatis  cerebralis  (BATSCH,  1786a)  BLITMENBACH,  1816a,  13. 

1825.   Ccenurus  cerebralis  (BATSCH,  1786a)  CTVIER,  1825a,  90. 

1837.  Poli/cephalns  ccenurus  TSCHUDI,  1837,  45-49. 

1855.  Hidatula  cerebralis  (BATSCH)  of  Goldberg,  1855a,  79;  in  synonymy. 

1861.   Cysticercus  ccenurus  (KCCHEXMEISTER,  1853)  KUCBEKLE,  1861a,  183. 

SPECIES  MULTICEPS  SERIALIS  (GERVAIS,  1845  or  1847)  STILES  &  STEVEXSON 

1905. 

STROBILA   STAGE. 

1863.  Tienia  serialis  (GERVAIS,  1845  or  1847)  BAILLET,  1863,  452-182. 

1864.  7'.  ccenuri  cuniculi  DIESIXG,  1864a,  393;  in  synonymy. 

CYSTIC   STAGE 

1847.   Camurus  serialis  GERVAIS,  1847a,  98;  probably  1845,  729,  not  accessible  to  us. 
1864.   Ccenurus  cerebralis  teporis  cuniculi  DIESIXG,  1864a,  394;  in  synonymy. 
1877.   Ccenurus  scrialis  (GERVAIS,  1847)  DAVAINE,  1877a,  xxxviii;  misprint. 

GENTS  ECHINOCOCCTJS  RCDOLPHI,  1801. 

1782.  Hijilatn  (J(EZK,  1782a,  192;  very  doubtful  whether  this  is  used  in  a  generic 
sense;  in  syno.nymy. 

1801.  Echinococcus  RTDOLPHI,  1801,  52-53;  includes  Tienia  multiceps  [type  of  Malticeps 

1782  and  Polycephalus \8QQi]  and  T;enia  risceralis xocialix  grannlosu  Gtvze,  1782, 
hence  it  is  a  deliberate  renaming  of  a  genus  for  which  two  names  were 
already  available,  but  Rudolphi  definitely  mentions  "die  kornigen  Blas^n- 
wiirmer"  (namely,  granulosa)  as  basis  of  Echinococcut,  hence  this  is  the  tyj^e 
species;  see  also  Rudolphi,  1802,  204. 


14  BUREAU    OF    ANIMAL    INDUSTRY. 

1804.  Acfphalocystie  L.EXNEC  1804,  132,  134-135;  1812,  96-123,  130-155, 170-173;  type 

apparently  EekvwcooetU  yranulomut,  by  inclusion. 
1819.  Liococcu*  HREMSER,  1819a,  249;  type  Echinococcus  hominis,  genus  not  adopted 

by  Bremser,  1819a. 

1819.  Splanchnococciis  BRKMSEK,  1819a,  249;  Echinococcti*  renamed,  hence  same  type. 
1821.  Acephalucyslus  L.EXXEC  of  Merat,  1821,  229;  for  Acephalftcygtis  1904,  hence  same 

type. 

1829.  .-lc<7>/i<(/ori>/i*CRrvEiLHiEH,  lH29a,  198;  for  Acephalwysti*  1804,  hence  same  type. 
1829.  ff  Acruftonia  LES.vrvAUE,   1829,  4*1-438;  only   hence  type  species,  A.  amnii; 

prolmbly  pathological  structure  of  amnion. 

1844.  ?  Anlom<i  (.TOODSIR,  1844<1,  282;  only  hence  type  species  .1.  acejihalocyntisCiwdfir. 
1844.  ? Di»ko*tumn  (JooDsm  in  Ciainlner,   1844a,  276;  only  hence  type  species   D. 

acfphalocyntig  Goodsir. 

1844  ?.  ftiphxridion  (TOODSIR;  not  accessible;  see  Gervais,  1847a,  92. 
1856.  Echinokukkux  BUHL,  1856a,  429;  for  Echinococciit,  hence  same  type. 
1858.  Echinococcijer  WEIXLAXD,  1858,  52,  61,  85;  type  Tienia  cchinococ&tt. 
1894.  fDiscottoma  BRACN,  1894a,  982;  for  Diskostoma  Goodsir,  1844,  hence  same  type. 


O 


(Continued  from  second  pape  of  rover.) 


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1m  A.  <i.  <;.  Richard-oil,  707   Kmpirc   Building, 

Knoxvilie.  '1'enn. 
In-.  A.  K.  Risht.-!,  care  Cudahy  Pack 

Angeles.  Cal. 

Dr.  W.  II.  Rose,  is  Broadway,  New  Y-.rk.  N.  V. 
Dr.  F.  L.  Russell.  Qrono,  Me. 
Dr.  .1.  F.  Ryder,  111  Milk  at.,  P.. 
l)r.  !•;.  I'.  SchalTtei . 
.and,  Ohio. 

Dr.  C.  A.  Schanfler,  i:;i  Smith    -  Phila- 

delphia, Pa. 
Dr.  Thos.  \V.  Scott,  care  The   Ratli    J'ai-ku 

\Vaterloo,  Iowa. 
Dr.  T,  A.  Shipley,  care  T.  M.Sinclair. 

Cdlar  Rapid-.  Iowa. 
Dr.  N.  '  care   Kin:-  :idian- 

apolis,  Ind. 
Mr.  \Vm.   H.  Wade,  Animal   Quarantine  Station, 

Halcthorp,  Md. 

Dr.  IT.  N.  Waller,  lif.l  We^t.  12d  St.,  New  York.  N.  Y. 
Dr.  <;.  W.  Ward.  Newport,  Vt. 
Dr.  B.  P.  Wende.  Livestock  Kxchaiurc  Building, 

<   MufTalo,  X.  Y. 
Dr.  W.  II.  Wray,  34  Streatham  Hill,  London 

England. 


